The Conditional Mood of castigar is used to express what you would do in a hypothetical situation, for example: Te castigaría si no hicieras tus tareas. (I would punish you if you didn’t do your homework.)

Castigar is a stem-changing verb, which means the stem vowel changes in certain conjugations. For the Conditional, the stem vowel changes from a to i.

Conjugations

Conjugations of Castigar (to punish) in the Conditional Mood tense (Castilian Spanish):

The conditional mood of castigar is used to express hypothetical or potential situations, often with an implied condition.

To punish or discipline: For example, Si mi hijo se portara mal, lo castigaría. (If my son misbehaved, I would punish him.) This is the most common meaning, referring to imposing a penalty or consequence for unacceptable behavior.

To reprimand or scold: For example, El jefe nos castigaría si llegáramos tarde. (The boss would scold us if we were late.) This meaning implies verbal punishment or criticism rather than a physical consequence.

To afflict or torment (figurative): For example, El calor sofocante nos castigaría durante el verano. (The stifling heat would torment us during the summer.) This usage extends the meaning to describe difficult or unpleasant conditions that feel like a punishment.

To damage or harm (colloquial): For example, Si bebes tanto, vas a castigar tu hígado. (If you drink so much, you’re going to damage your liver.) In informal speech, this meaning can refer to causing harm or negative effects, often to one’s body or health.

Examples

Examples of Castigar in the Conditional Mood

Si no castigaría a los niños por portarse mal, se volverían incontrolables. (If you wouldn’t punish the children for misbehaving, they would become uncontrollable.)

El juez castigaría al criminal con una sentencia severa por sus crímenes atroces. (The judge would punish the criminal with a severe sentence for his heinous crimes.)

Los padres estrictos castigarían a sus hijos quitándoles privilegios cuando desobedecieran. (Strict parents would punish their children by taking away privileges when they disobeyed.)

La empresa castigaría a los empleados que llegaran tarde con una multa. (The company would punish employees who arrived late with a fine.)

En la escuela, el maestro castigaría a los estudiantes que copiaran en los exámenes. (At school, the teacher would punish students who cheated on tests.)

Los entrenadores castigarían a los jugadores que faltaran al respeto con ejercicios extenuantes. (The coaches would punish players who were disrespectful with grueling exercises.)

En la cárcel, los guardias castigarían a los presos rebeldes con confinamiento solitario. (In prison, the guards would punish rebellious inmates with solitary confinement.)

Aunque suene cruel, algunos padres castigarían a sus hijos con golpes cuando eran pequeños. (Although it sounds cruel, some parents would punish their children with beatings when they were young.)

En el ejército, los oficiales castigarían a los soldados desobedientes con tareas arduas. (In the army, officers would punish disobedient soldiers with arduous tasks.)

Algunos gobiernos castigarían a los disidentes políticos con encarcelamiento o exilio. (Some governments would punish political dissidents with imprisonment or exile.)

En algunas culturas antiguas, castigarían a los criminales con torturas crueles. (In some ancient cultures, they would punish criminals with cruel tortures.)

Aunque no lo apruebo, algunos padres castigarían a sus hijos con insultos y humillaciones. (Although I don’t approve, some parents would punish their children with insults and humiliations.)

Conjugations with English Translations

Conjugations of Castigar (to punish) in the Conditional Mood tense (Castilian Spanish) with English Translations:

This post covers Castilian Spanish. For Latin American Spanish, click here

Synonyms

The Conditional mood is also known as the Simple Conditional, Conditional Simple, Would Tense, or Future of the Past in English, and as Condicional Simple, Pospretérito, Potencial Simple, or Condicional de Indicativo in Spanish.